Contents

Midterm Exam (Sample Solutions)

Question 1-1

## Loading packages
import re
import nltk
from nltk.corpus import PlaintextCorpusReader
import pandas as pd
import unicodedata
import re

## Notebook Settings
pd.options.display.max_colwidth = 200

## Loading corpus files into one CSV

# jay_dir = 'midterm_inputdata/jay/'
# jay_corpus = PlaintextCorpusReader(jay_dir,'.*\.txt')

# jay = pd.DataFrame(
#     [(re.sub(r'\.txt$','',f), jay_corpus.raw(f)) for f in jay_corpus.fileids()],
#     columns=['title','lyric'])

## Loading CSV (from the original CSV)
jay = pd.read_csv('midterm_inputdata/jay.csv')


## Preprocessing Function
## remove extra linebreaks whitespaces and unicode category punctuations and symbols
def preprocess(doc):
    doc = re.sub(r'\n+', '\n', doc)
    doc = ''.join([
        c if unicodedata.category(c)[0] not in ["P", "S", "N"] else ' '
        for c in doc
    ])  ## symbols
    #doc= re.sub(r'[0-9a-zA-Z]+'," ", doc) ## remove english letters and numbers
    doc = ''.join([
        c if unicodedata.category(c) not in ["Ll", "Lu"] else ' ' for c in doc
    ])  ## alphabets
    doc = re.sub(r'[ \u3000]+', ' ', doc)
    doc = '\n'.join([line.strip() for line in doc.split('\n')])
    return doc


## Preprocess the corpus
jay['lyric_pre'] = [preprocess(l) for l in jay.lyric]

## Check two songs
jay.iloc[[100, 200], :]
title lyric lyric_pre
100 斷了的弦 斷了的弦再怎麼練　我的感覺你已聽不見\n你的轉變像斷掉的弦　再怎麼接音都不對　你的改變我能夠分辨\n＊我沉默　你的話也不多　我們之間少了什麼　不說\n哎唷～微笑後表情終於有點難過(握著你的手)　問你決定了再走\n我突然釋懷的笑　笑聲盤旋半山腰\n隨風在飄搖啊搖　來到你的面前繞\n你淚水往下的掉　說會記住我的好　我也彎起了嘴角笑\n你的美已經給了誰　追了又追我要不回\n我瞭解離開樹的葉　屬於... 斷了的弦再怎麼練 我的感覺你已聽不見\n你的轉變像斷掉的弦 再怎麼接音都不對 你的改變我能夠分辨\n我沉默 你的話也不多 我們之間少了什麼 不說\n哎唷 微笑後表情終於有點難過 握著你的手 問你決定了再走\n我突然釋懷的笑 笑聲盤旋半山腰\n隨風在飄搖啊搖 來到你的面前繞\n你淚水往下的掉 說會記住我的好 我也彎起了嘴角笑\n你的美已經給了誰 追了又追我要不回\n我瞭解離開樹的葉 屬於地上...
200 你怎麼連話都說不清楚 這首歌沒有唱過．但是是我寫的．然後．寫給一個好朋友的歌\n那．我自己重新來唱．我覺得應該．版本真的也不錯\n想別的 可是在你眼中察覺什麼一閃而過\n怎是像是寂寞 於是我會更沉默\n沒說的 可是在你眼中察覺什麼一閃而過\n而我看她笑著走開 於是我裝做不懂 怎麼能拆穿你的不同\n偏偏 這地球 這麼擠 這麼小 這麼瘦 太陽刻意曬得那麼兇\n記得離別在拆散一點以後\n你怎麼連話都說不清楚 那溫柔的... 這首歌沒有唱過 但是是我寫的 然後 寫給一個好朋友的歌\n那 我自己重新來唱 我覺得應該 版本真的也不錯\n想別的 可是在你眼中察覺什麼一閃而過\n怎是像是寂寞 於是我會更沉默\n沒說的 可是在你眼中察覺什麼一閃而過\n而我看她笑著走開 於是我裝做不懂 怎麼能拆穿你的不同\n偏偏 這地球 這麼擠 這麼小 這麼瘦 太陽刻意曬得那麼兇\n記得離別在拆散一點以後\n你怎麼連話都說不清楚 那溫柔的...

Question 1-2

## packages
import pickle
from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import CountVectorizer
from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import TfidfVectorizer
from sklearn.metrics.pairwise import cosine_similarity
from scipy.cluster.hierarchy import dendrogram, linkage
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

## plotting settings
plt.style.use('ggplot')
matplotlib.rcParams['figure.dpi'] = 300
matplotlib.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ["PingFang HK"
                                          ]  ## set ur own chinese font

# ##############################################
# ## Uncommment this when word seg is needed####
# ##############################################

# import ckip_transformers
# from ckip_transformers.nlp import CkipWordSegmenter, CkipPosTagger
# #Initialize drivers
# ws_driver = CkipWordSegmenter(level=3, device=-1)
# pos_driver = CkipPosTagger(level=3, device=-1)

# def my_tokenizer(doc):
#     # `doc`: a list of corpus documents (each element is a document long string)
#     cur_ws = ws_driver(doc, use_delim = True, delim_set='\n')
#     cur_pos = pos_driver(cur_ws)
#     doc_seg = [[(x,y) for (x,y) in zip(w,p)]  for (w,p) in zip(cur_ws, cur_pos)]
#     return doc_seg

# %%time

# ##############################################
# ## Uncommment this when word seg is needed####
# ##############################################

## Perform word seg in Google Colab
## It takes about 40s in Google Colab

# jay_lyric_wordseg = my_tokenizer(list(jay.lyric_pre))

# import pickle
# with open('midterm-jay-lyric-wordseg.pickle', 'wb') as f:
#     pickle.dump(jay_lyric_wordseg, f, protocol=pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)

## Word-seg and preprocessing
with open('midterm-jay-lyric-wordseg.pickle', 'rb') as f:
    jay_lyric_wordseg = pickle.load(f)

fileids = list(jay.title)

## select words whose POS starts with N or V but NOT pronouns (Nh) or numbers (Neu)
jay_words = [[(w, p) for (w, p) in text if re.match(r'^[NV](?!(h|eu))', p)]
             for text in jay_lyric_wordseg]
jay_norm = [' '.join([w for w, p in text]) for text in jay_words]

## CountVectorizer
cv = CountVectorizer(token_pattern=r'[^\s]{2,}',
                     min_df=2)  ## use words len >=2
jay_bow = cv.fit_transform(jay_norm)
jay_array = jay_bow.toarray()

jay_bow_df = pd.DataFrame(jay_array,
                          columns=cv.get_feature_names(),
                          index=fileids)

## TfidfVectorizer
tv = TfidfVectorizer(min_df=2,
                     max_df=1.0,
                     norm='l2',
                     use_idf=True,
                     smooth_idf=True,
                     token_pattern=r'[^\s]{2,}')
tv_matrix = tv.fit_transform(jay_norm)
jay_tv_df = pd.DataFrame(tv_matrix.toarray(),
                         columns=tv.get_feature_names(),
                         index=fileids)

print(jay_bow_df.shape)
print(tv_matrix.shape)
jay_bow_df.head().round(2)
jay_tv_df.head().round(2)

(212, 2031)
(212, 2031)
一下 一些 一切 一半 一幕幕 一樣 一次次 一生 一統 一行行 ... 默劇 默契 默片 點亮 點心 點頭 鼓勵 鼓掌 鼻子 龍捲風
我是如此相信 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
英雄 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.13 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
雙截棍 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
開不了口 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
床邊故事 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

5 rows × 2031 columns

## Cluster Analysis

similarity_doc_matrix = cosine_similarity(tv_matrix)
similarity_doc_df = pd.DataFrame(similarity_doc_matrix,
                                 index=fileids,
                                 columns=fileids)

Z = linkage(similarity_doc_matrix, 'ward')

similarity_doc_df.round(2)

## Plot Dendrogram
plt.figure(figsize=(15, 40))
plt.title("Jay Chou Analysis")
plt.xlabel("Song Titles")
plt.ylabel('Distance')
color_threshold = 2
dendrogram(Z,
           labels=fileids,
           orientation='right',
           leaf_rotation=0,
           leaf_font_size=10,
           color_threshold=color_threshold,
           above_threshold_color='b')
plt.axvline(x=color_threshold, c='k', ls='--', lw=0.5)
plt.tight_layout()
../_images/midterm-exam-sample-ans_12_0.png

Question 2-1

import nltk
import numpy as np
import random
from collections import Counter
from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import CountVectorizer
import pandas as pd
pd.options.display.max_colwidth = 200

## Import train and test
with open('midterm_inputdata/chinese_name_gender_train.txt', 'r') as f:
    train = [
        l.replace('\n', '').split(',') for l in f.readlines()
        if len(l.split(',')) == 2
    ]

with open('midterm_inputdata/chinese_name_gender_test.txt', 'r') as f:
    test = [
        l.replace('\n', '').split(',') for l in f.readlines()
        if len(l.split(',')) == 2
    ]

## Sentiment Distrubtion for Train and Test
print(Counter([label for (words, label) in train]))
print(Counter([label for (words, label) in test]))

X_train = [name for (name, gender) in train]
X_test = [name for (name, gender) in test]
y_train = [gender for (name, gender) in train]
y_test = [gender for (name, gender) in test]

Counter({'男': 240078, '女': 239922})
Counter({'女': 60078, '男': 59922})

## Text Vectorization


## self-defined tokenzier
def myTokenizer(text):
    ngrams = []
    ngrams.append(text[1:])
    ngrams.append(text[1])
    ngrams.append(text[2])
    return ngrams


## CountVectorizer
cv = CountVectorizer(min_df=100, tokenizer=myTokenizer)

X_train_bow = cv.fit_transform(X_train)
X_test_bow = cv.transform(X_test)

print(X_train_bow.shape)
print(X_test_bow.shape)

(480000, 975)
(120000, 975)

# Check name-by-feature matrix
vocab = cv.get_feature_names()
X_train_bow_df = pd.DataFrame(X_train_bow.toarray(),
                              columns=vocab,
                              index=X_train)
X_train_bow_df.head()
一 丁 三 世 丙 中 丹 丹丹 乃 久 ... 麗萍 麗霞 麗麗 麟 黎 黎黎 鼎 齊 齡 龍
孫遠光 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
吳昌財 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
張俊達 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
馬豔蘭 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
宋燕敏 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

5 rows × 975 columns

Question 2-2

import numpy as np
import sklearn
from sklearn.metrics import f1_score, confusion_matrix, plot_confusion_matrix
from sklearn.naive_bayes import GaussianNB
from sklearn.model_selection import cross_val_score, GridSearchCV
from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression
from sklearn.pipeline import Pipeline

import lime
from lime.lime_text import LimeTextExplainer

import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns

plt.style.use('classic')

matplotlib.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ["PingFang HK"]
matplotlib.rcParams['figure.dpi'] = 300

%%time
model_gnb = GaussianNB()
model_gnb_acc = cross_val_score(estimator=model_gnb,
                                X=X_train_bow.toarray(),
                                y=y_train,
                                cv=10,
                                n_jobs=None)
model_gnb_acc

CPU times: user 1min 14s, sys: 46.6 s, total: 2min 1s
Wall time: 2min 5s

array([0.85516667, 0.85377083, 0.85664583, 0.85495833, 0.85522917,
       0.852     , 0.85447917, 0.85425   , 0.8533125 , 0.85383333])

%%time
model_lg = LogisticRegression(max_iter=1000)
model_lg_acc = cross_val_score(estimator=model_lg,
                               X=X_train_bow,
                               y=y_train,
                               cv=10,
                               n_jobs=None)
model_lg_acc

CPU times: user 46 s, sys: 552 ms, total: 46.5 s
Wall time: 51.1 s

array([0.9795625 , 0.98004167, 0.98060417, 0.98120833, 0.979625  ,
       0.98035417, 0.98033333, 0.98039583, 0.98122917, 0.98110417])

print("Mean Accuracy of Naive Bayes Model: ", model_gnb_acc.mean())
print("Mean Accuracy of Logistic Regression Model:", model_lg_acc.mean())

Mean Accuracy of Naive Bayes Model:  0.8543645833333334
Mean Accuracy of Logistic Regression Model: 0.9804458333333332

%%time
## Grid Search
parameters = {'C': (1, 5, 10)}
clf = GridSearchCV(model_lg, parameters, cv=10,
                   n_jobs=None)  ## `-1` run in parallel
clf.fit(X_train_bow, y_train)

CPU times: user 3min 35s, sys: 679 ms, total: 3min 35s
Wall time: 3min 43s

GridSearchCV(cv=10, estimator=LogisticRegression(max_iter=1000),
             param_grid={'C': (1, 5, 10)})

clf.best_params_

{'C': 10}

plot_confusion_matrix(clf, X_test_bow, y_test, normalize='all')
plt.title("Confusion Matrix (Normalized %)")

Text(0.5, 1.0, 'Confusion Matrix (Normalized %)')
../_images/midterm-exam-sample-ans_25_1.png 
plot_confusion_matrix(clf, X_test_bow, y_test, normalize=None)
plt.title("Confusion Matrix (Frequencies)")

Text(0.5, 1.0, 'Confusion Matrix (Frequencies)')
../_images/midterm-exam-sample-ans_26_1.png 
## Pipeline for LIME
pipeline = Pipeline([('vectorizer', cv),
                     ('clf', LogisticRegression(C=10, max_iter=1000))])
pipeline.fit(X_train, y_train)

Pipeline(steps=[('vectorizer',
                 CountVectorizer(min_df=100,
                                 tokenizer=<function myTokenizer at 0x7f84d1790400>)),
                ('clf', LogisticRegression(C=10, max_iter=1000))])

explainer = LimeTextExplainer(class_names=['女', '男'],
                              char_level=True,
                              bow=False)
test_name = ["王貴瑜", '林育恩', '張純映', '陳英雲']
explanations = []
for n in test_name:
    explanations.append(explainer.explain_instance(n, pipeline.predict_proba))

explanations[0].show_in_notebook(text=True)

explanations[1].show_in_notebook(text=True)

explanations[2].show_in_notebook(text=True)

explanations[3].show_in_notebook(text=True)

## Feature Importance Analysis
importances = pipeline.named_steps['clf'].coef_.flatten()

## Select top 10 positive/negative weights
top_indices_pos = np.argsort(
    importances)[::-1][:10]  ## top 10 for positve weights
top_indices_neg = np.argsort(importances)[::-1][
    -10:]  ## bottom 10 for negative weights

## Get featnames from tfidfvectorizer
feature_names = np.array(
    cv.get_feature_names())  # List indexing is different from array
feature_importance_df = pd.DataFrame({
    'FEATURE':
    feature_names[np.concatenate((top_indices_pos, top_indices_neg))],
    'IMPORTANCE':
    importances[np.concatenate((top_indices_pos, top_indices_neg))],
    'SENTIMENT': ['pos' for _ in range(len(top_indices_pos))] +
    ['neg' for _ in range(len(top_indices_neg))]
})
feature_importance_df
FEATURE IMPORTANCE SENTIMENT
0 剛 11.469095 pos
1 兵 11.025539 pos
2 強 10.853713 pos
3 豪 10.237200 pos
4 生 10.011628 pos
5 斌 9.964699 pos
6 臣 9.946304 pos
7 虎 9.904538 pos
8 濤 9.798495 pos
9 鋒 9.736642 pos
10 娜 -11.425580 neg
11 萍 -11.463313 neg
12 霞 -11.463969 neg
13 麗 -11.674973 neg
14 妹 -11.809043 neg
15 翠 -11.874803 neg
16 蓮 -11.908770 neg
17 琴 -12.289962 neg
18 玲 -12.303574 neg
19 娟 -12.461214 neg 
## Visualize feature importance
plt.style.use('ggplot')

matplotlib.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ["PingFang HK"]
matplotlib.rcParams['figure.dpi'] = 300
plt.figure(figsize=(8, 5))
pal = sns.color_palette("viridis", len(feature_importance_df.index))
sns.barplot(x=feature_importance_df['FEATURE'],
            y=feature_importance_df['IMPORTANCE'],
            palette=np.array(pal[::-1]))
plt.title("Male Preference << --- >> Female Preference\n")
plt.savefig('midterm/_question2-2-output-featimportance.jpeg',
            bbox_inches='tight',
            dpi=300)
../_images/midterm-exam-sample-ans_34_0.png

Question 3-1

import pandas as pd
import unicodedata
import re
import nltk
import pickle
import numpy as np
import sklearn
from sklearn.metrics.pairwise import cosine_similarity
from scipy.cluster.hierarchy import dendrogram, linkage
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
sns.set(font_scale=0.7)
matplotlib.rcParams['figure.dpi'] = 300
matplotlib.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ["PingFang HK"]
pd.options.display.float_format = '{:,.2f}'.format

## remove extra linebreaks whitespaces and unicode category punctuations and symbols
def preprocess(doc):
    doc = re.sub(r'\n+', '\n', doc)
    doc = ''.join([
        c if unicodedata.category(c)[0] not in ["P", "S", "N"] else ' '
        for c in doc
    ])  ## symbols
    #doc= re.sub(r'[0-9a-zA-Z]+'," ", doc) ## remove english letters and numbers
    doc = ''.join([
        c if unicodedata.category(c) not in ["Ll", "Lu"] else ' ' for c in doc
    ])
    doc = re.sub(r'[ \u3000]+', ' ', doc)
    doc = '\n'.join([line.strip() for line in doc.split('\n')])
    return doc


apple_df = pd.read_csv('midterm_inputdata/apple5000.csv')
apple_df['text_pre'] = [preprocess(text) for text in apple_df.text]

apple_df.head()
doc_id text text_pre
0 1 【鄧玉瑩╱台中報導】台中市警二分局育才派出所爆發疑似集體索賄案，台中地檢署檢察官指揮調查局中部機動組查出，轄區警員柯文山利用職權之便，向轄區飯店、色情業者索賄，昨天深夜向地院聲請羈押獲准。派出所隨即表示，將對柯某撤職查辦、從嚴處分。\n\n\n台中地檢署檢察官吳祚延指揮調查局中機組幹員，搜索台中市警二分局育才派出所，帶回警員柯文山，進行偵訊。檢調同時到台中市「合利太」飯店大樓展開搜索，除帶... 鄧玉瑩 台中報導 台中市警二分局育才派出所爆發疑似集體索賄案 台中地檢署檢察官指揮調查局中部機動組查出 轄區警員柯文山利用職權之便 向轄區飯店 色情業者索賄 昨天深夜向地院聲請羈押獲准 派出所隨即表示 將對柯某撤職查辦 從嚴處分\n台中地檢署檢察官吳祚延指揮調查局中機組幹員 搜索台中市警二分局育才派出所 帶回警員柯文山 進行偵訊 檢調同時到台中市 合利太 飯店大樓展開搜索 除帶回帳冊 飯店...
1 2 陸軍542旅下士洪仲丘關禁閉被操死，該旅副旅長何江忠昨遭軍高檢向最高軍事法院聲押獲准。何江忠的前同事說：「他（何江忠）只能用『陰險』兩字形容，得罪他都沒好下場。」還說他常用官威逼部下，「仗勢欺人、人神共憤，大家都不喜歡他。」被他帶過的阿兵哥說，懲處到了何手上都會加重，簡直是「大魔頭」。\n曾與何江忠共事1年的軍官昨向《蘋果》爆料，前年何江忠還在馬祖東引擔任副指揮官時，遇到年度本職學能鑑測，... 陸軍 旅下士洪仲丘關禁閉被操死 該旅副旅長何江忠昨遭軍高檢向最高軍事法院聲押獲准 何江忠的前同事說 他 何江忠 只能用 陰險 兩字形容 得罪他都沒好下場 還說他常用官威逼部下 仗勢欺人 人神共憤 大家都不喜歡他 被他帶過的阿兵哥說 懲處到了何手上都會加重 簡直是 大魔頭\n曾與何江忠共事 年的軍官昨向 蘋果 爆料 前年何江忠還在馬祖東引擔任副指揮官時 遇到年度本職學能鑑測 他卻要步兵學校裁...
2 3 終於拿到冠軍，感覺真是棒，尤其是從蔣宸豑的手上搶過來，算是報了一箭之仇。其實我今天的推桿感覺真的很不好，有好幾次3呎內的短推都錯過，不然也不會打得這麼累。」今年第3次參賽，前兩次分別在第1輪及8強賽輸給蔣宸豑。\n\n\n年齡：17歲身高：181公分體重：80公斤就讀學校：啟英高中二年級球齡：6年\n\n\n \n 終於拿到冠軍 感覺真是棒 尤其是從蔣宸豑的手上搶過來 算是報了一箭之仇 其實我今天的推桿感覺真的很不好 有好幾次 呎內的短推都錯過 不然也不會打得這麼累 今年第 次參賽 前兩次分別在第 輪及 強賽輸給蔣宸豑\n年齡 歲身高 公分體重 公斤就讀學校 啟英高中二年級球齡 年\n\n
3 4 【陳毓婷╱台北報導】過去業績不甚理想的中國人壽（2823），今年初找來南山人壽的專業經理人王銘陽擔任總經理後，不但保費收入大幅成長，而且獲利也出現轉機，今年上年已經轉虧為盈，小賺667萬元，擺脫今年第一季虧損近1.6億元的陰霾。\n\n\n中壽今年上半年的保費收入達155.7億元，較去年同期的96.6億元成長62%，與國內壽險業今年上半年保費收入比較，中壽首度擠進前五名。通常壽險公司在衝刺... 陳毓婷 台北報導 過去業績不甚理想的中國人壽 今年初找來南山人壽的專業經理人王銘陽擔任總經理後 不但保費收入大幅成長 而且獲利也出現轉機 今年上年已經轉虧為盈 小賺 萬元 擺脫今年第一季虧損近 億元的陰霾\n中壽今年上半年的保費收入達 億元 較去年同期的 億元成長 與國內壽險業今年上半年保費收入比較 中壽首度擠進前五名 通常壽險公司在衝刺新契約保單的情況下 成本支出會墊高 中壽今年第 季就...
4 5 台灣國際語文教育協會假借中央機關指導名義，招攬學員參加該機構舉辦的觀光研習營，活動宣稱「參加滿三梯次可退費」，實際上卻任意改期、提高收費。學員幾經爭執、《蘋果》追查發現真相後，業者同意學員的退費要求。攝影．報導╱褚明達\n台中市徐先生說，去年10月下旬，他看到台灣國際語文教育協會（以下簡稱台協）招攬「台灣觀光親善大使甄選研習營」學員的網路廣告，因內容豐富，他立即報名參加。台協在廣告上註明將... 台灣國際語文教育協會假借中央機關指導名義 招攬學員參加該機構舉辦的觀光研習營 活動宣稱 參加滿三梯次可退費 實際上卻任意改期 提高收費 學員幾經爭執 蘋果 追查發現真相後 業者同意學員的退費要求 攝影 報導 褚明達\n台中市徐先生說 去年 月下旬 他看到台灣國際語文教育協會 以下簡稱台協 招攬 台灣觀光親善大使甄選研習營 學員的網路廣告 因內容豐富 他立即報名參加 台協在廣告上註明將請 外... 
# %%time

## Spacy Parsing

# import spacy
# nlp = spacy.load("zh_core_web_lg")

# mod_head=[]

# for doc in nlp.pipe(apple_df.text_pre, n_process=-1):
#     for t in doc:
#         if (t.dep_ == "amod"):
#             mod_head.append((t.text, t.head.text))
# len(mod_head)

# import pickle
# with open('midterm-apple-mod-head-lg.pickle', 'wb') as f:
#     pickle.dump(mod_head, f, protocol=pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)

with open('midterm-apple-mod-head-lg.pickle', 'rb') as f:
    mod_head = pickle.load(f)

## filter two-syllable NOUNS only
mod_head_fd = nltk.FreqDist([(m, n) for (m, n) in mod_head
                             if len(n) >= 2])  ## for later use

mod_head_fd2 = nltk.FreqDist([
    m + '_' + n for (m, n) in mod_head if len(n) >= 2
])  ## for data frame output
mod_head_df = pd.DataFrame(list(mod_head_fd2.items()),
                           columns=["MOD-NOUN", "Frequency"])
mod_head_df.sort_values(['Frequency'], ascending=[False]).head(20)
MOD-NOUN Frequency
268 新_台幣 109
916 女_主角 82
18 總_經理 60
350 大_聯盟 48
162 新_北報 44
2302 液晶_電視 41
1301 男_主角 40
828 大_股東 39
198 好_朋友 39
280 新_產品 39
226 新_專輯 37
562 主治_醫師 37
62 最高_法院 36
682 平均_超市 33
1516 前_女友 33
885 長庚_醫院 32
425 前_總統 31
1873 高速_公路 31
1095 馬_政府 29
1198 前_男友 29

Question 3-2

## Get nouns and mods dict indices
nouns = {noun: i for i, noun in enumerate(set([head for (mod, head) in mod_head]))}
mods = {mod: i for i, mod in enumerate(set([mod for (mod, head) in mod_head]))}

## Create Noun by Modifiers Matrix
noun_by_mod = np.zeros(shape=(len(nouns), len(mods)), dtype='float32')
for ((m, n), c) in mod_head_fd.items():
    noun_by_mod[nouns[n], mods[m]] = noun_by_mod[nouns[n], mods[m]] + c

print(noun_by_mod.shape)

(16531, 11302)

## Filtering heads and modifiers
col_sum_ind = np.argsort(-noun_by_mod.sum(axis=0))
row_sum_ind = np.argsort(-noun_by_mod.sum(axis=1))

col_cut = 10
row_cut = 70
col_ind = [i for i, s in enumerate(noun_by_mod.sum(axis=0)) if s > col_cut]
row_ind = [i for i, s in enumerate(noun_by_mod.sum(axis=1)) if s > row_cut]
print(len(row_ind))
print(len(col_ind))
noun_by_mod_filtered_df = pd.DataFrame(noun_by_mod, columns=mods,
                                       index=nouns).iloc[row_ind, col_ind]
print(noun_by_mod_filtered_df.shape)

43
631
(43, 631)

## Cluster analysis
similarity_noun = cosine_similarity(noun_by_mod_filtered_df)
similarity_noun_df = pd.DataFrame(similarity_noun,
                                  index=noun_by_mod_filtered_df.index,
                                  columns=noun_by_mod_filtered_df.index)
Z = linkage(similarity_noun, 'ward')

## Plotting Similarity Matrix
plt.figure(figsize=(20, 15))
cf_hm1 = sns.heatmap(similarity_noun_df,
                     annot=True,
                     fmt='.2f',
                     xticklabels=similarity_noun_df.index,
                     yticklabels=similarity_noun_df.index,
                     linewidths=.5,
                     linecolor='black',
                     cmap="Greens")
plt.yticks(rotation=0)
plt.title('Pairwise Cosine Similarity')

## Plotting dendrogram
color_threshold = 0.6
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 12))
plt.title("Cluster Nouns According to Their Modifiers")
plt.xlabel("Distance")
plt.ylabel('Top Nouns in Apple News')
color_threshold = 2
dendrogram(Z,
           labels=list(noun_by_mod_filtered_df.index),
           orientation='right',
           leaf_rotation=0,
           leaf_font_size=10,
           color_threshold=color_threshold,
           above_threshold_color='b')
plt.axvline(x=color_threshold, c='k', ls='--', lw=0.5)

<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x7f84a0c79a90>
../_images/midterm-exam-sample-ans_44_1.png ../_images/midterm-exam-sample-ans_44_2.png